
Work done and Heat Transferred
Applying the first law of thermodynamics to the process
dU = dQ - dW
Replacing dW with the reversible work
dU = dQ - PdV
since the volume is constant dV = 0 and
dU = dQ
using the definition of the specific heat at constant volume
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to replace dU in the first law
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For a constant volume process, the addition or removal of heat will lead to a change in the temperature and pressure of the gas, as shown on the two graphs above
Entropy Change
To find the Entropy change, start with the expression derived from the first law
dU = dQ
and replace dU using the definition of specific heat at constant volume and dQ using the definition of entropy
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